ORGANIC ACIDS AND THEIR CHEMICAL REACTIONS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND APPLICATIONS
Keywords:
ethanol, oxygen, acetic acid,sodium hydroxide, organic acid, amino acid,vinegar.Abstract
Organic acids are a fundamental class of organic compounds that play crucial roles in biological systems, industry, and the environment. Characterized by the presence of one or more carboxylic acid groups (-COOH), these acids participate in numerous chemical reactions, including acid-base neutralization, esterification, oxidation, and decarboxylation. This article discusses the nature, classification, and major chemical reactions of organic acids, with examples and relevant equations, emphasizing their importance in both scientific and practical contexts.
References
1. Morrison, R. T., & Boyd, R. N. (2010). Organic Chemistry (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
2. Atkins, P., & de Paula, J. (2014). Physical Chemistry (10th ed.). Oxford University Press.
3. Nelson, D. L., & Cox, M. M. (2017). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry (7th ed.). W.H. Freeman.
4. Zumdahl, S. S., & Zumdahl, S. A. (2014). Chemistry (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
5. Madigan, M. T., et al. (2018). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th ed.). Pearson.
6. Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. (2011). Wiley-VCH.
