NEYTROFIL KEMOTAKSISI VA PH MUHIT ASIDOZ VA ALKALOZ SHAROITIDA PH-GRADIENTLARINING MIGRATSIYAGA TA’SIRI – KENG SHARXLI ILMIY MAQOLA
Keywords:
neytrofil, kemotaksis, asidoz, alkaloz, pH-gradient, migratsiya, yallig‘lanish, immunitet, proton kanallari, mikro-muhit.Abstract
Neytrofillar, tabiiy immunitetning asosiy hujayralari sifatida, yallig‘lanish o‘chog‘iga tez migratsiya qilish uchun kemotaktik signallarni aniq qabul qilishga va ularga javob berishga qodir. Ushbu jarayonda atrofdagi pH muhitning o‘zgarishi muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Asidoz va alkaloz kabi patofiziologik holatlar ko‘pincha surunkali yallig‘lanish, sepsis, o‘smalar va metabolik buzilishlar bilan birga kechadi, bu esa to‘qimalarda va hujayralararo muhitda normal fiziologik diapazondan (7.35-7.45) sezilarli og‘ishlarga olib keladi. Ushbu maqola 2015-2025-yillar oralig‘ida o‘tkazilgan tadqiqotlar natijalariga tayanib, neytrofillarning kemotaktik migratsiyasiga tashqi pH o‘zgarishlarining va pH-gradientlarining (masalan, yallig‘lanish o‘chog‘ining kislotali yoki ishorali muhiti) ta‘sirini chuqur tahlil qiladi. Adabiyotlar tahlili shuni ko‘rsatadiki, yengil asidoz (pH ≈ 6.5-7.0) ko‘plab kemoatraktantlarga nisbatan neytrofil migratsiyasi va polarizatsiyasini kuchaytirishi mumkin, bu ehtimol protonli kanallar (masalan, ASIC va NHE1), G-ushlanma oqsillari bilan bog‘liq retseptorlar va hujayra skeleti oqsillari faolligining o‘zgarishi orqali amalga oshadi. Biroq, chuqur asidoz (pH < 6.5) hujayra energetik metabolizmining buzilishi, apoptosning faollashuvi va adhezyon molekulalarining ifodasining pasayishi tufayli kemotaksisni susaytirishi yoki to‘liq blokirovka qilishi mumkin. Aksincha, alkaloz (pH > 7.8) odatda neytrofil faolligini pasaytiradi, lekin ba‘zi sharoitlarda migratsiya yo‘llarining modulyatsiyasiga olib kelishi mumkin. Ushbu sharh shuningdek, pH-gradientlarni qayta ishlash uchun neytrofillarning molekulyar mexanizmlarini, shu jumladan pH sezgir retseptorlar va transporterlarni, shuningdek, klinik ahamiyatni, masalan, o‘smalar mikro-muhiti va kritik holatlardagi bemorlarni davolashda ushbu bilimlardan foydalanish imkoniyatlarini muhokama qiladi. pH muhitini nazorat qilish yangi terapevtik strategiyalarni, masalan, yallig‘lanishni cheklash yoki immun javobni kuchaytirish uchun ishlab chiqilishi mumkin.
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