AVTONOM NERV TIZIMI FIZIOLOGIYASI
Keywords:
Avtonom nerv tizimi, simpatik tizim, parasimpatik tizim, vegetativ funksiyalar, markaziy nerv tizimi, periferik tizim, gomeostaz.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada avtonom nerv tizimi (ANT) tuzilishi, funktsional imkoniyatlari va fizi mexanizmlari o'rnatilgan. ANT — inson va hayvon organizmida ichki organlar, qon aylanishi, ovqat hazm qilish, nafas olish, yurak urishi va termoregulyatsiya kabi muhim vegetativ funktsiyalarni boshqaruvchi murakkab nerv tizimidir. ANT ikki asosiy bo'lim — simpatik va parasimpatik tizimlardan iborat bo'lib, ular o'zaro antagonistik (qarama-qarshi) tashqi harakat qilgan organizmda gomeostazni saqlashga xizmat qiladi. Maqolada bu ikki bo'limning markaziy va periferik qismlari, joylashuvi, asosiy nerv tolalari, gangliyalar, effektor organlarga ko'rinishgan ta'siri, sud refleks arcasi ishlab chiqarish va neyrotransmitterlar orqali ta'sir ko'rsatish mexanizmlari ilmiy-tahliliy va solishtirma usullar asosida chuqur o'rganilgan. boshqa, gipotalamusning vegetativ boshqaruvdagi boshqaruv roli va vagus nervining parasimpatik nazoratdagi o'rni alohida ta'kidlangan. ANTning stress holatida tezkor javob berishdagi, tinch holatdagi tiklanish va energiya holatidagi muvozanatli roli ham keng yoritilgan. Ush tadqiqotining ANTziologik jarayonlar va ichki muhitni doimiy ravishda ushlab turishdagi zarur ahamiyatini nazariy va amaliy asoslangan asoslaydi.
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